Leaning and Education Articles

  Comparative Patronage: Conceptual Definitions in Social, Cultural, and Political Contexts   Vol. 18 No. 3 (2025): Local Administration Journal   /   Academic Articles                                                                                 Supwat Supwat Papassarakan Independent Scholar Keywords:  patronage, society, culture, politics, patronage system Abstract The concept of patronage is commonly interpreted within the domains of the social economy, culture, and politics. In political contexts, it is often perceived more negatively than positively. This article seeks to examine both the positive and negative dimensions of patronage to provide a more balanced understanding. It also compares interpretations of patronage across historical and contemporary...